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GEPA: Reflective Prompt Evolution Can Outperform Reinforcement Learning

Lakshya A Agrawal et al. · 2025 · arXiv 2507.19457 · Code · L2 · in the list

The model reads its own execution traces and writes better prompts: beat GRPO reinforcement learning by 6% on average with up to 35× fewer rollouts.

  1. 1Listed
  2. 2Collected
  3. 3Analyzed
  4. 4Replicated
  5. 5Audited

1

Listed

30 October 2026

Added to the list. How entries were checked when they were listed is in the journal.

2

Collected

7 October 2026 · by rsi-design study

FileSourceSHA-256
paper PDF2507.19457.pdfarxiv.org/pdf/2507.19457ab3a5139bac83f192ad67529368d77b84b0d807e95a8e4fd0daa8d45fd046bec

To check a file, download it from its source and compare its SHA-256 with the one above. Collected copies are kept in the editor's RSI system; manifest: design-life/literature/rsi-workflow-improvement/sources.json.

3

Analyzed

7 October 2026 · by rsi-design study

Quoted verbatim from design-life/literature/rsi-workflow-improvement/comparison.md (2026-10-07). Parts about applying the paper to the editor's private work are left out.

From “Evidence for improving reusable agent workflows” (2026-10-07)

Inspected edition: GEPA, v2, 14 February 2026; PDF pp. 4–10

Mechanism and reported evidence: Reflects on execution traces and selects useful alternative prompt candidates. Qwen3-8B Table 1: IFBench score 38.61 versus GRPO 35.88; AIME-2025 accuracy 32.00 versus GRPO 38.00. The paper reports greater sample efficiency overall, but this math result is a contrary case.

4

Replicated

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5

Audited

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